Galvanization

What is Galvanizing?

Galvanizing, also known as electroplating with zinc or electro-galvanizing, is a process in which a layer of zinc with good corrosion resistance is added to the surface of metal through electrolysis. In this process, the metal part is immersed in an electrolytic bath, where an electric current is used to form a zinc layer on the surface of the part. Galvanizing enhances the protection and wear resistance of the surface, and it is an especially effective way to prevent steel from rusting.

Galvanizing Practices

Galvanizing involves several steps to ensure a high-quality and durable coating. The process begins with carefully cleaning the part, removing grease, oils, and other impurities. This is a crucial step, as any residue left on the surface can reduce the zinc’s adhesion and thereby diminish corrosion resistance. After cleaning, the part is immersed in the electrolytic bath, where a zinc electrolyte and electric current are used to form the zinc coating.

Benefits of Galvanizing

Galvanizing offers numerous benefits for industrial use. In addition to improved mechanical properties, a zinc coating provides excellent protection against corrosion, especially in typical terrestrial and marine environments. Electro-galvanized surfaces are also shiny and smooth, making them visually appealing and a popular choice for visible metal surfaces. The zinc coating is also well-suited for further processing, such as painting, since paint adheres exceptionally well to galvanized surfaces.

Applications of Galvanizing

Galvanized steel is widely used in various applications thanks to its good corrosion resistance and cost-effectiveness. Sheet metal roofing, roadside guardrails, fence elements, streetlight poles, and various scaffolding structures are common examples of its use. In addition, galvanized steel is found in construction materials like angle brackets and steel pipes. Galvanized steel can often be identified by its crystalline pattern and blue-gray shade.

Galvanizing and Passivation

After the galvanizing process, the surface of the part is usually passivated, meaning it receives an additional treatment to slow down the oxidation of zinc. Passivation protects the zinc surface by forming a very thin chromate or other chemical protective film on top. Modern passivation methods often use trivalent chromium and additives that reduce environmental impact and improve corrosion resistance.

Summary

Galvanizing, especially electro-galvanizing, is an important method in the metal and mechanical engineering industries where durable corrosion protection is needed. The zinc layer applied in the process increases the longevity of metal parts and effectively protects them from rust. The advantages of galvanizing, such as superior corrosion resistance, a shiny and uniform surface, and strong paint adhesion, make it a popular choice for a variety of industrial and construction applications.